ABSTRACT
Aims: To investigate the effect of perceived stress and coping strategies among adults during COVID-19 outbreak (May and July 2020) in Karaj, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 792 adults (aged ≥18 years) using convenience sampling method. The relationship between age, general health, perceived stress, primary appraisal, secondary appraisal, and coping strategies as independent variables, and social functioning and emotional health as dependent variables was evaluated using pathway analysis. Data were analyzed using SPSS-19 and Lisrel software. Findings: The mean age of the participants was 38.87±8.73. Among the variables directly associated with emotional wellbeing in men, emotional coping has the most positive association (B=0.13) and problem coping has the most negative relation(B=0.022) and secondary appraisal has the most negative association indirectly (B=0.04). The perceived stress has the most effect on the social function in men indirectly (B=0.21), and secondary appraisal has the most positive relationship with social function in men indirectly (B=0.11). Further, perceived stress has the most negative association with social function among women in direct route (B=0.088) and general health has the most positive relationship in this regard (B=0.014). Conclusion: The perceived stress should be noticed and managed effectively to improve mental health. The emotion-focused coping can positively affect the emotional wellbeing and problem-focused coping negatively influences it. © 2022, Tarbiat Modares University. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Background: Psychological problems, such as post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), are among the most important complications associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in people. Studying the social determinants of health (S DH) and its impact on the populations during the crisis will help governments deal better with health emergencies so that every person can have an equal opportunity to stay healthy. Objective: To determine what factors affect PTSS, we conducted a study to investigate the association between structural determinants of health and PTSS during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on 370 people referred to a selected laboratory between June and July 2020 in Karaj province, Iran. Post -traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 8-item inventory was used to evaluate the PTSS and its subscales, including intrusion, avoidance, and hypervigilance in the participants. Results: Overall, 51.2% of participants were male, and 17.3% were positive for the IgM or IgG COVID-19 test. The most common symptoms in these patients were weakness, myalgia, cough, anosmia, and fever. The prevalence of total PTSS, intrusion, avoidance, and hypervigilance symptoms were 7.1%, 25.7%, 41.6%, and 16.2%, respectively. In univariable regression analysis, female gender (p-value=0.01, 95%CI (2.25-0.31)), un-employment (p-value=0.011, 95%CI (0.37-2.81)), having symptoms of COVID-19 disease (p-value=0.000, 95%CI (.82-2.75)), underlying chronic disease, were directly associated with PTSS. Conclusion: Results showed that sex and occupation as structural determinants of health could affect PTSS in the COVID-19 pandemic. However, in the multi variable model, having symptoms of the COVID-19 disease and underlying disease affected PTSS.
ABSTRACT
Background: Fear and stress caused by COVID-19 increases the feeling of insecurity in children and adolescents, and if not taken timely action, will cause serious mental health problems in them. The aim of this study was to determine the mental health status of girls aged 12-17 years in Aran-Bidgol City, Iran, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 390 girl students of Aran-Bidgol in 2020-21. Data collection tools were demographic/family information checklist and of child health questionnaire (CHQ), spiritual health, social support, and measuring the long-term effects of the accident on children's mental health, which were completed electronically. Data were analyzed using SPSS software with independent t, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression tests with a significance level of 0.05. Finding: 65.10% of girls received a score of 25-50 from the Mental Health Questionnaire, which indicated a mild mental health problem. 34.40% got a score of 50-75 and none of them got a score above 75. The regression model showed that two patterns of family communication (dialogue and compliance) and girls' existential health predicted the girls' mental health score (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that the patterns of family communication and existential health in adolescents had effect on adolescents' mental health;so it is suggested to identify the best regulatory model and family function with an emphasis on existential health, to improve their mental health by gaining the ability to positive valuation. © 2021 Isfahan University of Medical Sciences(IUMS). All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus can cause lots of viral diseases such as the common cold, novel coronavirus disease, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Coronavirus and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is considered RNA viruses. The use of antivirals in HIV-positive patients challenges the treatment process of the patients with SARA, MERS, and COVID-19. We reviewed the relevant studies in this regard to identify the status of COVID-19, MERS, and SARS in HIV-positive patients. According to this review, patients with HIV are not at risk for developing MERS, SARS, and COVID-19, but CD4<200 cells may increase the risk slightly. It should be noted that there is no difference regarding clinical signs, mortality, and length of the COIVD-19, SARS, and MERS in patients with HIV. © 2021 Journal of Cellular and Molecular Anesthesia. All rights reserved.